In the realm of fluid mechanics, understanding the behavior of fluids is crucial for various applications, from designing aircraft to predicting weather patterns. One key concept is streamline flow, which describes the smooth and orderly passage of a fluid. In contrast, turbulence refers to chaotic and unpredictable fluid patterns. Streamline flow

Semiconductors play a fundamental role in modern electronics due to their ability to regulate the flow of electricity under specific conditions. They can be broadly classified into two categories: intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors. Intrinsic semiconductors, such as pure silicon or germanium, possess limited conductivity because their valence b